# Docker Cheatsheet

A comprehensive guide to Docker and Docker Compose commands.

## Docker Compose

### Starting and Running Containers

**Create and run containers in the foreground**
```bash
docker compose up
```

**Create and run containers in the background**
```bash
docker compose up -d
```

**Build and start containers using Docker Compose**
```bash
docker compose up --build
docker compose up -d --build
```

**Scale services defined in a Compose file**
```bash
docker compose up -d --scale service_name=num
```

### Managing Compose Services

**List running containers**
```bash
docker compose ps
```

**List all containers**
```bash
docker compose ps --all
docker compose ps -a
```

**Stop containers**
```bash
docker compose stop
```

**Stop and remove containers, networks created by up**
```bash
docker compose down
```

**Remove stopped containers created by up**
```bash
docker compose rm
```

### Building and Pulling

**Pull images defined in a Compose file**
```bash
docker compose pull
```

**Create a container using Docker Compose**
```bash
docker compose create
```

**Build or rebuild services**
```bash
docker compose build
docker compose build service_name
```

### Logs and Execution

**View the logs of services defined in a Compose file**
```bash
docker compose logs
docker compose logs service_name
```

**Execute a command in a running container defined in a Compose file**
```bash
docker compose exec service_name command
```

**Run a one-off command in a service container defined in a Compose file**
```bash
docker compose run service_name command
```

## Container Management

### Listing Containers

**List running containers**
```bash
docker ps
docker container list
docker container ls
```

**List all containers**
```bash
docker ps --all
docker ps -a
docker container list --all
docker container ls --all
```

### Running Containers

**Run a container from *my-image:1.0***
```bash
docker run my-image:1.0
docker container run my-image:1.0
```

**Run a container from *my-image:1.0* with the name *www***
```bash
docker run --name www my-image:1.0
```

**Run a container from *my-image:1.0* exposing internal port *3000* to external port *80***
```bash
docker run --name www -p 80:3000 my-image:1.0
```

**Run a container in the background from *my-image:1.0***
```bash
docker run -d my-image:1.0
docker container run -d my-image:1.0
```

### Starting, Stopping, and Restarting

**Start a stopped container named *www***
```bash
docker start www
docker container start www
```

**Stop a container by the name *www***
```bash
docker stop www
docker container stop www
```

**Stop containers by the name *www1* *www2* ...**
```bash
docker stop www1 www2
docker container stop www1 www2
```

**Stop all the containers that match a keyword *example***
```bash
docker stop $(docker ps -a | grep "example" | awk '{print $1}')
```

**Restart a running container named *www***
```bash
docker restart www
docker container restart www
```

### Killing Containers

**Kill a container by the name *www***
```bash
docker kill www
docker container kill www
```

**Kill containers by the name *www1* *www2* ...**
```bash
docker kill www1 www2
docker container kill www1 www2
```

### Removing Containers

**Remove containers by the name *www1* *www2* ...**
```bash
docker rm www1 www2
docker container rm www1 www2
```

**Remove all the containers that match a keyword *example***
```bash
docker rm $(docker ps -a | grep "example" | awk '{print $1}')
```

### Pausing and Unpausing

**Pause a running container named *www***
```bash
docker pause www
docker container pause www
```

**Unpause a paused container named *www***
```bash
docker unpause www
docker container unpause www
```

### Container Interaction

**Runs *id* in *www* container**
```bash
docker exec www id
docker container exec www id
```

**Run an interactive bash shell on the container**
```bash
docker exec -it ubuntu bash
docker container exec -it ubuntu bash
```

**Attach to a running container named *www***
```bash
docker attach www
docker container attach www
```

### Container Information

**Inspect a container named *www***
```bash
docker inspect www
docker container inspect www
```

**List logs of a container named *www***
```bash
docker logs www
docker container logs www
```

**Rename a container named *www* to *web***
```bash
docker rename www web
docker container rename www web
```

## Image Management

### Building Images

**Build an image with the name *my-image* and tag *1.0***
```bash
docker build -t my-image:1.0 .
```

**Build an image in the current directory with the name *my-image***
```bash
docker build -t my-image .
```

### Listing and Removing Images

**List local images**
```bash
docker image ls
```

**Delete local image by the name:tag *my-image:1.0***
```bash
docker image rm my-image:1.0
```

### Pulling and Pushing Images

**Pull image *example* from a registry**
```bash
docker pull example
docker image pull example
```

**Push image *my-image* to repository *myrepo* under a registry**
```bash
docker push myrepo/my-image:2.0
docker image push myrepo/my-image:2.0
```

## Network Management

**List networks**
```bash
docker network ls
```

**Create a network with the name *my-network***
```bash
docker network create my-network
```

**Remove a network with the name *my-network***
```bash
docker network rm my-network
```

**Inspect a network with the name *my-network***
```bash
docker network inspect my-network
```

## Volume Management

**List volumes**
```bash
docker volume ls
```

**Create a volume**
```bash
docker volume create hello
```

**Remove all unused local volumes**
```bash
docker volume prune
```

### Volume Backup and Restore

**Backup *my_volume* to *my_backup.tar***
```bash
docker run --rm \
  --volume my_volume:/mount_bkp \
  --volume $(pwd):/backup \
  ubuntu \
  tar cvf /backup/my_backup.tar /mount_bkp
```

**Restore *my_backup.tar* to *my_volume***
```bash
docker run --rm \
  --volume my_volume:/mount_bkp \
  --volume $(pwd):/backup \
  ubuntu \
  tar xvf /backup/my_backup.tar -C /mount_bkp --strip 1
```

## System Maintenance

**Remove all unused containers, networks, images (both dangling and unreferenced)**
```bash
docker system prune
```

**Remove all unused containers, networks, images (both dangling and unreferenced), and volumes**
```bash
docker system prune --volumes
```

**Remove all unused containers, networks, all unused images, and volumes**
```bash
docker system prune --all --volumes
```

---

## Quick Reference

### Common Workflow

1. **Build an image**: `docker build -t my-app:1.0 .`
2. **Run a container**: `docker run -d -p 80:3000 --name my-app my-app:1.0`
3. **Check running containers**: `docker ps`
4. **View logs**: `docker logs my-app`
5. **Stop container**: `docker stop my-app`
6. **Remove container**: `docker rm my-app`

### Docker Compose Workflow

1. **Start services**: `docker compose up -d`
2. **View logs**: `docker compose logs -f`
3. **Stop services**: `docker compose down`
4. **Rebuild and restart**: `docker compose up -d --build`

### Useful Tips

- Use `-d` flag to run containers in detached (background) mode
- Use `-it` flags for interactive terminal sessions
- Use `--rm` flag to automatically remove containers after they exit
- Use `-p` flag to map ports: `-p host_port:container_port`
- Use `-v` flag to mount volumes: `-v host_path:container_path`
- Use `--name` flag to give containers memorable names